stability worldwide. Iraq, like many countries, faces growing challenges in combating the production, trafficking, and abuse of narcotic substances. This research examines the enforcement of drug control measures in Iraq by analyzing the interplay between international agreements—such as the United Nations conventions on narcotic drugs—and the domestic legal framework. It further evaluates the effectiveness of these laws in addressing drug-related crimes and explores the gaps and challenges

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Forced displacement is one of the most serious violations of human rights and international humanitarian law, often resulting from armed conflicts, sectarian violence, or systematic policies aimed at altering the demographic structure of specific regions. In Iraq, this crime has emerged in various contexts, leaving profound social, economic, and humanitarian consequences. This research explores the legal framework governing the crime of forced displacement under international humanitarian law, analyzes

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The application of penalties in public international law represents a fundamental mechanism for maintaining international order and ensuring compliance with legal obligations among states and other international actors. Penalties, in this context, serve as tools to deter violations, provide accountability, and uphold the principles of justice within the international community. This research examines the concept, forms, and implementation of penalties in public international law, analyzes their

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Elections are an important factor in the country of democracy. They represent the people in Parliament, the National Assembly or legislative assemblies. In order to find out how elections are run and to reduce fraud and manipulation of results. International monitoring committees play an important role in promoting democracy, transparency and the credibility of the electoral process.

تُعد مشكلة المخدرات من أبرز التحديات الأمنية والاجتماعية والصحية التي تواجه المجتمعات المعاصرة، لما تسببه من آثار مدمرة على الأفراد واستقرار الدول. وفي العراق، برزت هذه الظاهرة بشكل متزايد خلال السنوات الأخيرة، مما استدعى تعزيز الجهود التشريعية والقانونية لمكافحتها. يهدف ...