Arab countries suffer from a deficit in providing food for their populations, despite having diverse agricultural resources. This deficit has led to a worsening of the food gap and increased dependence on the outside world to meet food needs. This problem has been exacerbated by the recent focus of Arab countries on national projects at the expense of joint projects, in light of the limited land and water resources available, which has contributed to the widening of the food gap and the decline of Arab agricultural capabilities